Referensi Hasil Penelitian

ABSTRAK

Faktor kesiapan berwirausaha yang rendah akan menjadi penghambat bagi pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) dalam menjalankan usahanya secara berkelanjutan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui fenomena kesiapan berwirausaha pada pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di Desa Ngalang pasca Pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Metode pengumpulan data diambil dengan melakukan wawancara semi-terstruktur. Responden penelitian berjumlah 6 pelaku UMKM yang dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling dengan karakteristik berusia 20-40 tahun, memiliki usaha yang sudah berjalan minimal lima tahun, terdampak usaha saat pandemi Covid-19 selama dua tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis isi dengan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaku UMKM yang mengalami krisis, putus asa dan mengalami kebangkrutan hingga hampir tutup usahanya saat ini sudah mulai memiliki kesiapan berwirausaha kembali. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari responden memiliki aspek kesiapan berwirausaha yaitu keterampilan individu, ketakutan akan kegagalan, jaringan sosial, persepsi terhadap peluang. Temuan aspek lain pada responden tampak pada penyiapan fisik, mental, dan spiritual individu, penyiapan kepribadian, penyiapan perkembangan kepribadian, penyiapan kegiatan usaha, dan penyiapan kemampuan pemasaran produk. Pelaku UMKM memiliki kemampuan untuk siap berwirausaha pasca Pandemi Covid-19 ini.

Keywords: Covid-19, entrepreneurial readiness, medium enterprises, micro enterprises, small enterprises.

ABSTRACT

One of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic is that many micro businesses have gone bankrupt or even closed their businesses. Micro businesses require entrepreneurial readiness to restart and manage their enterprises effectively. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the model of future orientation and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial readiness in micro-enterprises located in Sleman Regency. This research employed a quantitative approach, focusing on micro-enterprises in Sleman Regency that are members of the 'Sobat PLUT' group in 2022. The sample consisted of 85 under 40 micro-entrepreneurs whose businesses experienced losses due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study utilized purposive sampling as its sampling technique. Data collection involved three scales: the entrepreneurial readiness scale, the future orientation scale, and the self-efficacy scale. Data analysis was conducted by testing both the outer and inner models. The analysis technique employed the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using the Smart Partial Least Square (Smart-PLS) 3.2.8 program. The results of this study indicate the formation of a model of entrepreneurial readiness, focusing on future orientation and self-efficacy. Future orientation has a significant favorable influence on the entrepreneurial readiness of micro-entrepreneurs and a very significant positive effect of self-efficacy on their entrepreneurial readiness. The theoretical model developed in this research is a fit model that can serve as a reliable model reference for understanding entrepreneurial readiness.

Keyword:  Entrepreneurial readiness, future orientation, self-efficacy.

ABSTRAK

Ketidakpastian perekonomian saat pandemi covid-19 berdampak berat kondisi dunia usaha di tanah air. Masa pandemic membawa perubahan sikap pengusaha untuk lebih meningkatkan kesiapan dalam membuka usahanya Kembali dengan proses usaha yang lebih cepat, efektif dan efisien. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesiapan berwirausaha pada pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di Desa X Gunungkidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data diambil dengan melakukan wawancara semi-terstruktur. Informan pada penelitian ini adalah enam pelaku UMKM di Desa Ngalang Gunungkidul. Analisis yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis isi (content analysis). Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaku UMKM memiliki kesiapan berwirausaha yang berasal dari faktor internal dan eksternal individu. Faktor internal kesiapan berwirausaha meliputi efikasi diri, toleransi risiko, proaktif, kebutuhan berprestasi, kemandirian, orientasi masa depan, hardiness,dan resiliensi. Faktor eksternal kesiapan berwirausaha meliputi pendidikan dan pelatihan, pengalaman, jaringan profesional, latar belakang keluarga dan dukungan sosial. Baik faktor internal dan eksternal keduanya merupakan faktor yang saling mendukung dalam mempersiapkan pelaku UMKM untuk berwirausaha khususnya setelah mengalami penurunan atau kerugian ketika pandemi Covid-19.

Kata kunci: Faktor eksternal, faktor internal, kesiapan berwirausaha.

ABSTRAK

Tingkat pengangguran tertinggi berasal dari sekolah menengah kejuruan. Isu tersebut memerlukan kesiapan berwirausaha sebagai solusi. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kesiapan berwirausaha di antaranya dukungan sosial dan efikasi diri. Tingginya efikasi diri dipengaruhi dukungan sosial. Tujuan penelitian adalah menguji model teoritis pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap kesiapan berwirausaha melalui efikasi diri sebagai mediator. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan, melibatkan 199 siswa kelas XI dari SMK “X”. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala dukungan sosial, skala efikasi diri, dan skala kesiapan berwirausaha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model teoritis pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap kesiapan berwirausaha melalui efikasi diri sebagai mediator fit dengan data empiris. Penelitian juga menemukan bahwa efikasi diri berpengaruh secara langsung dan signifikan terhadap kesiapan berwirausaha. Temuan lainnya menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial secara signifikan berpengaruh langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui efikasi diri terhadap kesiapan berwirausaha. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan dan berkontribusi terhadap perkembangan teori bahwa efikasi diri hanya bersifat mediasi komplementer pada pengaruh tidak langsung dukungan sosial terhadap kesiapan berwirausaha.

Kata kunci: Dukungan sosial, efikasi diri, kesiapan berwirausaha, siswa.

ABSTRACT

Vocational high schools aim to create graduates who are ready to work, but in reality, many graduates are not ready to work at this time. Low employability is the main problem. This study aims to design and test a theoretical model of the effect of entrepreneurial readiness, adversity quotient, and social intelligence on employability in vocational high school students. The population of this study was students of class XII vocational high school "X" in Moyudan, Sleman, which consisted of 209 students. The sample in this study was 68 students selected by cluster random sampling technique. The data collection method used employability scales, entrepreneurial readiness scales, adversity quotient scales, and social intelligence scales. Data were analyzed using the structural equation model (SEM) through the Smart Partial Least Square 3.3.9 program. The results of this study are the formation of a model of the influence of entrepreneurial readiness, adversity quotient, and social intelligence on employability that is appropriate (fit) with empirical data. The adversity quotient has a positive and very significant effect on employability, while entrepreneurship readiness and social intelligence have no impact on employability. This model can be used as a valid reference in developing employability variables.

Keywords: Adversity quotient, career identity, employability, entrepreneurial readiness, human social capital, personal adaptation, social intelligence.

ABSRACT

Entrepreneurial readiness for young entrepreneurs, especially Muslim entrepreneurs, is a challenge in the current era. Intense competition and increasing competitors are the cause of the need for entrepreneurial readiness among young Muslim entrepreneurs to compete with experienced entrepreneurs. This study aims to design and test the suitability (goodness of fit) theoretical model of the influence of the need for achievement, family support, and interest in entrepreneurship on entrepreneurial readiness supported by empirical data in the field. This study uses a quantitative approach with a sample of 106 young Muslim entrepreneurs in Yogyakarta. This research uses a purposive sampling technique in the entrepreneurial group. Sample characteristics include samples belonging to the young entrepreneur community, aged between 18-30 years, business experience of less than three years, Muslim and 106 research samples were obtained. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squared (PLS) SmartPLS version 3.3.9. The results showed that the entrepreneurial readiness model proposed in the study was based on empirical data in the field. Partially, the need for achievement, family support, and interest in entrepreneurship have a positive and significant influence on entrepreneurial readiness. Based on the results of the analysis, it is concluded that the model is acceptable to explain the influence of the need for achievement, family support, and entrepreneurial interest on entrepreneurial readiness, which provides an effective contribution of 58.7 percent.

Keywords: Entrepreneurial readiness, entrepreneurial interest, family support, need for achievement, young Muslim entrepreneur.

ABSTRACT

The main goals of a vocational educational institution are to prepare students to enter the workforce and to develop the professional attitude, to prepare students to be able to choose their careers, to be ready for competition, to be ready for selves' development, and to be independence. Moreover, value-based education efforts are directed at humanising humans. Learners are not only oriented to have work skills but also to have more than that. They have to have the right attitude (wisdom) based on ethics and morality to face the business competition era. This study aims to obtain a picture of entrepreneurship readiness for vocational students based on educational values. The research method used in this study is descriptive-analytic. Quantitative and qualitative data are used to support each other in this study. The study sample included 60 vocational students, 30 students in Bandung, and 30 students in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data were collected by administering scale entrepreneurship readiness, observation, interviews, and documentary studies. The results showed: entrepreneurship readiness profile of students in the category of ready to go very prepared.

Keywords: Entrepreneurship, value-based education.